After the Coup D’Etát that ended the Monarchy in Brazil in 1889, the country tried to organise itself and a natural path was localism. The country was then named the United States of Brazil. 
Bahia was long forgotten and Rio de Janeiro had lost its former glory, so two main players took the lead: The State of São Paulo and The State of Minas Gerais, with high numbers in economy producing coffee and dairy products (among others), good foreign relations and always electing presidents from either one of those two states, solidifying their power (a period called Republic of Coffee and Milk). 
Instead of trying to develop themselves and then also get to the top, the other states supported another Coup D`Etát (out of envy?) placing Getúlio Vargas in power, who started a ruthless dictatorship in 1930. 
Obviously São Paulo was unsatisfied with the new (lack of) rule and the whole state started to question such lawless dictatorship and then on the 23rd of May, 1932, four young students were killed in confront with pro-dictatorship troops, the initial of those students’ surnames formed the acronym MMDC (Martins, Miragaia, Dráusio and Camargo) which became a symbol for the Constitutionalist Revolution promoted by São Paulo against Brazil of Getúlio Vargas, the biggest civil war of Brazil’s History. 
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